Task 8
Construct equivalent discourse in the target language while monitoring message
comprehension and feedback to modify interpretation accordingly.
Knowledge and Skill Statements
Knowledge of:
1. Sign language continuum
2. Process of interpretation
3. Cross-cultural, gender, language use/variations, socio-economic status, and related influences on the interpretation process
4. Back-channeling (i.e., consumer feedback on the understanding of the interpretation) information as a tool to influence the ongoing interpretation
5. Lexical equivalency (ensuring translation of all items in appropriate lexical format)
6. Unique language features and their impact (e.g., how to interpret passive voice, supraordinate “words,” and use of classification in ASL)
7. Linguistic structure and principles of English, American Sign Language (and other languages) used during the interpretation
Skill in:
1. Appropriately constructing an equivalent message intent
2. Appropriately constructing an equivalent message tone (e.g., tone and clarity of voice)
3. Appropriately constructing an equivalent message content
4. Recovering and repairing within message conveyance
5. Minimizing miscues, deletions, additions, substitutions, distracting mannerisms, fillers, anomalies, etc.
6. Remaining impartial to intent, regardless of speakers
7. Explaining to all parties, if communication breaks down due to language, why the breakdown occurred
8. Applying information gained from back-channeling (i.e., consumer feedback on the understanding of the interpretation) to influence further interpretation
9. Integrating the consumer’s lexical preference for terminology when expressed
10. Appropriately using unique language (e.g., how to interpret passive voice, supra-ordinate “words,” and use of classification in ASL)
6 comments:
Interpreting: An Introduction
Frishberg discusses the need for interpreters to not only be familiar with cultural difference of hearing and Deaf individuals, but be able to transfer meaning across those two languages in a way that the receivers of the message can make sense of given their cultural experiences and schema.
So You Want To Be An Interpreter
Humphrey and Alcorn discuss contact varieties in signed languages. They explain how contact variety takes place and discuss the history of contact variety between English and American Sign Language. They label this contact variety as Pidgin Signed English and relate it to foreigner talk.
Humphrey and Alcorn also approach the subject of cross-cultural communication in relation to interpreting for African American, Mexican or Native American people. Again, they stress the ability to interpret in a way that the receivers understand the message given their cultural background. The interpreter may have to make adjustments to allow for that.
Lastly, Humphrey and Alcorn discuss the interpreting process, itself. The steps that they identify in the interpreting process are taking in the source message, analyzing the structure of the source message for meaning, appyling a contextual screen, formulating and rehearsing an equivalent message and then producing the target message.
Notes:
Language Process:
L1 or Language A = native language
L2 or language B = non-native language
Source Language = orginal language of message
Target Language = output language, language of listener
Unique to ASL/English Interpreting - most prefer working from L1 to L2
Notes:
Sign Language continum:
ASL: American Sign Language
PSE: Pidgin Sign English - (Humphrey and Alcorn: describes the variation that occurs when there is contact between English and ASL)
SEE: Signing Exact English (Humphrey and Alcorn: "a sign should be translatable to only on English equivalent")
MCE: Manually Coded English (Humphrey and Alcorn: also referred to as Sign Supported Speech refers to all English based signing systems)
Rochester Method: Fingerspelling Everything
Simultaneous communication: speaking and signing simultanelously
Total Communication: uses any method of communication in Ed. settings
LOVE: Linguistics of Visual English
Cued Speech: hand shapes that represent English phonology
Humphrey and Alcorn add:
CASE: Conceptually Accurate Sign Language - which was developed by interpreters - focus is on meaning but English sentence structure is maintained
Notes:
Decalage= lag time/process time, latency
Clozure skills
Some vocabulary regarding Deaf-Blind interpreting:
Tactile: hand over hand
Tadoma: DB personl places thumb on speaker's lips and fingers on jaw, touching the speaker's lips and throat a.k.a tactile lip-reading
Palm Writing: Drawing letters on the hand
Tactile Fingerspelling: Every word is spelled and received tactilely
Can you help explain more about the Knowledge of 3-7.
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